Uncover the enduring power of caste in shaping contemporary Indian society. This vital analysis delves into the persistence of caste, challenging notions of it being obsolete. Explore how caste continues to function as a structure of both discrimination and advantage, significantly impacting socio-economic disparities, rural and urban inequalities, and even electoral mobilization in post-liberalization India. Drawing on diverse research, it offers critical insights into social hierarchies and policy needs. Essential reading for students, scholars, and anyone seeking to understand the complex realities of India’s social fabric.