Explore the complex nexus of numbers and power in India’s census operations. This incisive study examines the census in Jammu and Kashmir, revealing how state-sponsored headcounts function as political allies, influencing public policy and national discourse. Delve into data quality, administrative maneuvering, and the impact of ethno-regional contests on census data. Essential for students, researchers, and policymakers interested in Indian governance and the critical role of data in shaping socio-political realities. Understand how census data can be enhanced to build greater public trust and improve administrative processes across India.