Uncover the deep history of atheism, from its earliest expressions to its philosophical nuances. This crucial study explores the absence of belief in deities, charting a course through ancient thought. Significantly, it highlights the profound presence of non-theistic ideas within India’s rich intellectual heritage, examining traditions like Buddhism, Jainism, and key Hindu philosophies such as Samkhya and Mimamsa. An essential read for scholars and students of comparative religion, philosophy, and Indian studies seeking a comprehensive global perspective on the history of thought and skepticism.