Uncover the pivotal transformation of the Ottoman Empire into modern Turkey with this seminal academic volume. Covering 1808-1975, it meticulously details the reform measures, revolution, and establishment of the Turkish Republic. Ezel Kural Shaw’s expert analysis dissects external pressures, institutional changes, and intellectual movements that defined the empire’s final century and the rise of a new nation. Essential for students of history, political science, and international relations in India, this book offers profound insights into a crucial period of geopolitical evolution. A must-read for scholars and enthusiasts.