Explore Africa’s evolving health landscape with this vital analysis of public health, disease, and development. This interdisciplinary work examines the dual burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, critically situated within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Featuring case studies and insights from the Epidemiologic and Nutrition Transition models, it offers a timely look at improving population health and equity. Essential for global health scholars, policymakers, and students in India interested in international development and public health challenges.