Explore the intricate political economy of development in India, focusing on the unique challenges and transitions of Kerala’s indigenous communities. This critical analysis delves into adivasi lives and livelihoods amidst modernization and the acclaimed ‘Kerala model.’ Utilizing a historical political economic lens, the book dissects policy dynamics, neoliberal reforms, decentralization efforts, and land rights. It offers crucial insights into social exclusion and the intersection of class and indigeneity, connecting local struggles to global indigenous movements. Essential for students, researchers, and policymakers interested in Indian development and political economy.