Uncover the fascinating economic evolution of the Ottoman Empire in its final decades. This book delves deep into the rise of industrial capitalism and modernity in Ottoman Macedonia, a key European territory. It highlights the critical role of domestic sources, featuring Ottoman Greek traders and industrialists who competed successfully against powerful Jewish capitalists in Salonica. Based on extensive archival research, it offers a vital new perspective on late Ottoman economic history. An indispensable resource for scholars and students of Ottoman, Greek, and Turkish history, exploring themes of industrialization and empire.