Explore the complex realities of tribal economy in a South-Indian state, shedding light on land alienation, policy impacts, and socio-economic transformations affecting indigenous communities. This vital case study investigates tribal development, poverty alleviation, and the power of social mobilization, highlighting the crucial role of NGOs in empowering tribal rights. An indispensable resource for students, scholars of economics and tribal studies, administrators, and activists working towards sustainable tribal welfare across India.